Paternity testing using microsatellite DNA markers in captive Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae)

Authors: Ken Sakaoka, Isao Suzuki, Naeko Kasugai, Yohei Fukumoto

Publication/Journal: Zoo Biology

Keywords: cross-species amplification, extra-pair paternity, null alleles, paternity exclusion probability, probability of identity, spheniscidae