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Date: 05/9/25
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Our Goals

  1. Acquire and make easily accessible to zoo and aquarium professionals the current body of knowledge on animal welfare and ethics.
  2. Conduct and facilitate welfare assessments and applied welfare research on captive exotic animals.
  3. Convene important discussions and presentations on captive exotic animal welfare and ethics.
  4. Train professionals on captive exotic animal welfare best practices and policies.
  5. Recognize advances in improving captive exotic animal welfare and ethics through awards.
URL: https://detroitzoo.org/resources/?fwp_search=steepness

Aquarium cichlid fish Tropheus Moorii flexibly adjust hierarchy when tank fish species composition changes: A pilot study

Authors: Elisabetta Palagi, Roberto Barbuti, Ivan Norscia

Publication/Journal: Journal of Zoo and Aquarium Research

Keywords: dyadic aggression, fish composition management, hierarchical adjustment, socio-environmental perturbation, winner-loser matrix

2020

Age and sex-specific mortality of wild and captive populations of a monogamous pair-bonded primate (Aotus azarae)

Authors: Sam M. Larson, Fernando Colchero, Owen R. Jones, Lawrence Williams, Eduardo Fernandez-Duque

Publication/Journal: American Journal of Primatology

Keywords: biparental care, keyfitz' entropy, life expectancy, monogamy, pair bond, senescence

2016

Consistency of dominance rank order: A comparison of David’s scores with I&SI and Bayesian methods in macaques

Authors: K. N. Balasubramaniam, C. M. Berman, A. De Marco, K. Dittmar, B. Majolo, H. Ogawa, B. Thierry, H. De Vries

Publication/Journal: American Journal of Primatology

Keywords: bayesian estimation, david's score, dominance ranks, dyadic dominance indices, i&s*i, macaques

2013

Hierarchical steepness, counter-aggression, and macaque social style scale

Authors: Krishna N. Balasubramaniam, Katharina Dittmar, Carol M. Berman, Marina Butovskaya, Mathew A. Cooper, Bonaventura Majolo, Hideshi Ogawa, Gabriele Schino, Bernard Thierry, Frans B. M. De Waal

Publication/Journal: American Journal of Primatology

Keywords: counter-aggression, hierarchical steepness, independent contrasts, macaques, social style scale

2012

Effect of Unknown Relationships on Linearity, Steepness and Rank Ordering of Dominance Hierarchies: Simulation Studies Based on Data from Wild Monkeys

Authors: K. Klass, M. Cords

Publication/Journal: Behavioural Processes

Keywords: dominance hierarchy, linearity, rank order, steepness, unknown relationships

2011

Sex Differences in the Steepness of Dominance Hierarchies in Captive Bonobo Groups

Authors: Jeroen M. G. Stevens, Hilde Vervaecke, Han Vries, Linda Elsacker

Publication/Journal: International Journal of Primatology

Keywords: despotism . dominance . egalitarianism . pan paniscus

2007

Measuring and testing the steepness of dominance hierarchies

Authors: H. Devries, J. Stevens, H. Vervaecke

Publication/Journal: Animal Behaviour

Keywords: dominance hierarchy linearity, social dominance, steepness

2006

The influence of the steepness of dominance hierarchies on reciprocity and interchange in captive groups of bonobos (Pan paniscus)

Authors: Stevens, Jeroen M.G.; Vervaecke, Hilde; de Vries, Han; Van Elsacker, Linda

Publication/Journal: Behaviour

Keywords: dominance, grooming, interchange, pan paniscus, reciprocity, support, tolerance

2005

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The Detroit Zoological Society – a renowned leader in
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