Effects of feeding enrichment on behavior of three species of captive bears
Publication Type: |
Journal Article |
Year of Publication: |
1992 |
Authors: |
Debra L. Forthman, Suzanne D. Elder, Roger Bakeman, Timothy W. Kurkowski, Constance C. Noble, Samuel W. Winslow |
Publication/Journal: |
Zoo Biology |
Publisher: |
A Wiley Company, Inc., Wiley Subscription Services |
Keywords: |
log-linear analyses, selenarctos thibetanus, stereotypy, ursus arctos middendorffii, ursus maritimus |
ISBN: |
1098-2361 |
Abstract:
Abstract 10.1002/zoo.1430110307.abs Bears are extremely popular among the zoo-going public, yet while many zoo exhibits have undergone dramatic design changes in recent years, most bears continue to be housed in moated grottos constructed largely of gunite. In these traditional exhibits they frequently demonstrate stereotypic locomotor patterns and are often encouraged by the public to beg. Thus, the manner in which most captive bears are exhibited does not facilitate conservation education. It is possible, however, to provide bears with opportunities to demonstrate species-typical feeding and foraging behaviors, even in standard exhibits. Subjects were four individuals of three bear species. Feeding enrichment was provided to one bear per week during three mornings during the summers of 1989 and 1990. Overall, animals were more active, less passive and less often engaged in abnormal behaviors during sessions with enrichment. Effects showed individual variation and were more profound during the second year of the study, when a greater variety of enrichment items was presented. These results suggest that simple and inexpensive methods of enrichment may have a significant, positive influence on the behavior of captive bears. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.