A method for encouraging maternal care in the giant panda
Publication Type: |
Journal Article |
Year of Publication: |
2000 |
Authors: |
G. Q. Zhang, R. R. Swaisgood, R. P. Wei, H. M. Zhang, H. Y. Han, D. S. Li, L. F. Wu, A. M. White, D. G. Lindburg |
Publication/Journal: |
Zoo Biology |
Publisher: |
Inc., John Wiley & Sons |
Keywords: |
infant stimuli, infant surrogate, maternal reluctance, maternal training |
ISBN: |
1098-2361 |
Abstract:
Abstract 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2361(2000)19:1<53::AID-ZOO6>3.3.CO;2-0 We developed a method to facilitate maternal care in a giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) female that rejected her cub immediately after parturition. After removal of the cub, the female was systematically exposed to a regime of infant-related stimuli, including a surrogate toy panda, accompanied by infant vocalizations and urine, and the mother’s own milk. The female displayed several measures of maternal behavior toward the surrogate, for example, spending 61% of her time holding the surrogate in positions typical for the species. There was some evidence that maternal proficiency increased across the 4 weeks of the experiment. Results also indicate that the female was responsive to both infant vocalizations and urine, but not milk. After a transitional period in which we assisted the female in her efforts to nurse and groom the infant, all maternal care-giving responsibilities were returned to the mother. Over the next 3 months, the pattern of maternal care followed the species-typical course of declining mother-infant contact, grooming, overall interaction time, and responsiveness to the cub’s vocalizations. This study marks the first successful reunification of a giant panda mother with an infant separated at birth and, it is hoped, will serve as a model for similar efforts elsewhere. Zoo Biol 19:53–63, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.