“What is a good digital library?” – A quality model for digital libraries
In this article, we elaborate on the meaning of quality in digital libraries (DLs) by proposing a model that is deeply grounded in a formal framework for digital libraries: 5S (Streams, Structures, Spaces, Scenarios, and Societies). For each major DL concept in the framework we formally define a number of dimensions of quality and propose […]
The assessment and implementation of animal welfare: theory into practice.
This paper reviews the procedures and protocols necessary for the development of a practical programme for the assessment and implementation of animal welfare on farms and in other commercial situations. An effective programme must incorporate measures of both husbandry and welfare. Most current systems are based almost entirely on measures of husbandry provision, e.g. resources […]
Incentive size, food deprivation and food preference
After determining the preferences of rhesus monkeys for 4 foods by a paired-comparison technique, the relative frequency of selection of the most-preferred and the second-least preferred foods were studied when the amounts of each simultaneously presented were systematically varied. Tests were given under 1, 23, and 47 hours of food deprivation. It was found that […]
Methods Used to Kill Fish: Field Observations and Literature Reviewed
This paper reviews the impact on fish welfare of a wide range of slaughter methods used commercially around the world. Because the end result of the slaughter is a food product, and because of the well-known relationship between an animal’s welfare and subsequent meat quality, the effects of the slaughter methods on the quality of […]
Effects of different blood collection methods on indicators of welfare in mice
Blood collection is a common experimental, procedure for which there are many different methods, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Researchers should use methods that minimize pain, suffering, distress and lasting harm to animals while meeting study requirements. The authors evaluated stress, activity and tissue damage in BALB/c01aHsd mice after collecting blood using one […]