Training methods and owner-dog interactions: Links with dog behaviour and learning ability
The methods by which owners train their pet dogs range widely, with some exclusively using rewards, and others using a combination, or only punishment-based methods. This paper examines links between the way in which owners reported to have trained their dogs and observations of the dogs’ subsequent behaviour. It also explores associations between behaviour of […]
Do Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) Spontaneously Take Turns in a Reciprocal Cooperation Task?
Reciprocity is considered to be an explanation for altruism toward nonkin. Although there have been many theoretical studies and reciprocity is arguably prevalent in humans, little experimental work has investigated the proximate mechanism of reciprocity in nonhuman animals. The authors tested whether pairs of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) would achieve reciprocal cooperation, that is, whether chimpanzees […]