Infant development in two aquarium bottlenose dolphins
Abstract 10.1002/zoo.1430140207.abs The behavioral development of two aquarium bottlenose dolphin calves, one male (born to a primiparous mother) and one female (born to a multiparous mother), was examined. From birth to 9 weeks of age, a total of 558.7 h of nursing and behavioral data were collected using focal sampling methods. Data from both calves […]
Mother-infant relationships in baboons (Papio hamadryas): Predictors of differences and discontinuities in developmental pathways
This study uses hierarchical linear regression modeling to analyze sources of variation in the developmental pathways of mother-infant relationships and to search for behavioral discontinuities. The data come from 23 mother-infant dyads of baboons (Papio hamadryas), whose interactions were recorded longitudinally during the infants’ 1st year of life. The infant’s sex and the mother’s age […]
Maternal behaviour in beef cows is individually consistent and sensitive to cow body condition, calf sex and weight
Beef cows’ maternal care is essential for calf survival and fitness. In this study, we assessed the consistency of maternal care within and between lactations and investigated whether maternal care increases with mother’s parity and body condition and whether mothers care more intensely for males and for calves with lower body weight. The Trivers–Willard hypothesis […]
Reproductive experience does not persistently alter prefrontal cortical-dependent learning but does alter strategy use dependent on estrous phase
Reproductive experiences in females comprise substantial hormonal and experiential changes and can exert long lasting changes in cognitive function, stress physiology, and brain plasticity. The goal of this research was to determine whether prior reproductive experience could alter a prefrontal–cortical dependent form of learning (strategy set shifting) in an operant box. In this study, female […]
Long-term alterations in neural and endocrine processes induced by motherhood in mammals
This article is part of a Special Issue “Parental Care”. The reproductive experience of pregnancy, lactation and motherhood can significantly remodel the female’s biological state, affecting endocrine, neuroendocrine, neural, and immunological processes. The brain, pituitary gland, liver, thymus, and mammary tissue are among the structures that are modified by reproductive experience. The present review that […]
Parity Influences the Demeanor of Sows in Group Housing
ABSTRACTAcross the globe, producers are moving from individual housing to group housing for sows during gestation. Producers typically group sows of a range of parities together, although the impacts are largely unknown. This study examined the behavioral expression at mixing for young, midparity, and older sows. Ten mixed-parity groups were filmed at mixing on a […]