Summation and numerousness judgments of sequentially presented sets of items by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Summation and numerousness judgments by 2 chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes) were investigated when 2 quantities of M&Ms were presented sequentially, and the quantities were never viewed in their totality. Each M&M was visible only before placement in 1 of 2 cups. In Experiment 1, sets of 1 to 9 M&Ms were presented. In Experiment 2, […]
Understanding of the concept of numerically “less” by bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)
In 2 experiments, bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) judged the ordinal relationship between novel numerosities. The dolphins were first trained to choose the exemplar with the fewer number of items when presented with just a few specific comparisons (e.g., 2 vs. 6, 1 vs. 3, and 3 vs. 7). Generalization of this rule was then tested […]