Activity, oral behaviour and slaughter data as welfare indicators in veal calves: a comparison of three housing systems
A study was conducted to compare activity, oral behaviour and slaughter data of veal calves kept in three different housing systems: (1) individual housing (IH) where calves are kept in individual crates; (2) group housing (GH) where calves are kept in individual crates during the first 8 weeks and thereafter in groups of five to […]
Effects of individual housing on behavior and resistance to Ehrlich tumor growth in mice
This study analyzed in Balb/C mice the effects of individual housing on behavior, serum corticosterone and resistance to Ehrlich tumor growth. Mice (60 days old) were individually (IH) or grouped housed (G) (10–12 animals/cage) for 14–21 days. The 1st day of the housing condition was considered experimental day 1 (ED1). Results showed that on ED21, […]
The effects of individual housing on mice and rats: a review
Isolating an animal refers to the situation where the animal is physically fully demarcated from conspecifics without physical, visual, olfactory and auditory contact. Animals housed in separate cages in the same room are, although deprived of physical and visual contact, still in olfactory and auditory contact, and thus not totally isolated. During the fifties and […]
Individual housing and handling procedures modify anxiety levels of Tg2576 mice assessed in the zero maze test
The zero maze is an unconditioned anxiety test for mice, in which a number of environmental variables can modify the anxiety levels of the animals. In the present study, we have assessed how individual housing, handling procedure and interaction between individual housing and handling procedure affect the baseline anxiety of mice. Thirty-seven wild type mice […]