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Ex situ population of Aldabrachelys gigantea (Reptilia: Testudines) in the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria and its perspectives: Hidden extinction and how to prevent it
For the needs of adequate management, we carried out an assessment of the Aldabrachelys gigantea (Schweigger, 1812) population in the institutions of the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria. This population was established a hundred years ago and is continuously growing. Today it is the largest ex situ population of all regional zoo associations. Currently […]
Body language: Its importance for communication with horses
Body language is important for communication between individuals. Body language is based on the fact that the thought of performing a known action, alone, will activate the motor neurons used for the action, resulting in a slight contraction of the involved muscles. These contractions are called intention movements and signal what the sender will do […]
A survey of elephant husbandry and foot health in North American zoos
Abstract 10.1002/zoo.20291.abs The foot health of elephants in human care is a longstanding concern. In 2001, the AZA Standards for Elephant Management and Care were published recommending husbandry to improve foot health. This article reports the results of a 2006 survey: basic statistics describing facility, husbandry, and foot health attributes are reported and relationships among […]
Survey of the reproductive cyclicity status of Asian and African elephants in North America
The Asian and African elephant populations in North America are not self-sustaining, and reproductive rates remain low. One problem identified from routine progestagen analyses is that some elephant females do not exhibit normal ovarian cycles. To better understand the extent of this problem, the Elephant TAG/SSP conducted a survey to determine the reproductive status of […]
Collection planning for the next 100 years: What will we commit to save in zoos and aquariums?
The “sustainability crisis” in zoos and aquariums has been a sobering reminder of how limited our resources are for maintaining viable populations of species threatened with extinction. This, combined with increasing concern among the public about the value of zoos and aquariums, suggests that the zoological profession should engage in a thorough re-examination of our […]
What makes free-range broiler chickens range? In situ measurement of habitat preference
In commercial free-range broiler (meat chicken) systems, many birds never leave the houses, making them ‘free-range’ in name only and suggesting that the environment provided is not preferred habitat. We investigated the factors that affect the numbers of birds ranging in 40 flocks, each of 20 000 growing broiler chickens, Gallus gallus domesticus, in 14 […]
What makes us human (Homo sapiens)? The challenge of cognitive cross-species comparison
Two major theoretical approaches have dominated the quest for uniquely human cognitive abilities: a developmentalist approach stressing the importance of environmental and social conditions, and a predominant approach in experimental and comparative psychology, the deterministic approach suggesting the effect of environmental and social conditions to be minimal. As a consequence, most claims of human cognitive […]
Maternal testosterone influences a begging component that makes fathers work harder in chick provisioning
Abstract In species with biparental care, parents disagree evolutionarily over the amount of care that each of them is willing to provide to offspring. It has recently been hypothesised that females may try to manipulate their mates by modifying offspring begging behaviour through yolk hormone deposition, shifting the division of labour in their own favour. […]
How practice makes perfect: the role of persistence, flexibility and learning in problem-solving efficiency
To fully understand how problem-solving ability provides adaptive advantages for animals, we should understand the mechanisms that support this ability. Recent studies have highlighted several behavioural traits including persistence, behavioural variety and behavioural/cognitive flexibility that contribute to problem-solving success. However, any increment in these traits will increase time and energy costs in natural conditions, so […]
Behavioural analysis of captive tigers (Panthera tigris): A water pool makes the difference
The activity budgets of seven captive tigers (Panthera tigris) housed in four zoological gardens (A, B, C, D) were analysed to assess their welfare and to relate it to several variables, including enclosure type, management, and animal history. Behaviours were recorded by instantaneous focal animal sampling at 2-min intervals. Data were collected by five observers […]